Law of Independent Assortment

Law of Independent Assortment
Mendel summed up the observation and conclusions of the dihybrid cross in the form of law of independent assortment which states
Members of one pair of factors (genes) segregate (assort) independently of members of another pair of factors (genes). In other words when there are two pairs of contrasting characters in the parents, then their distribution to the gametes is independent of each other. Therefore, all possible combination of factors (genes) can occur in the gametes.

In the above cross, it is observed that during gamete formation, genes for round, wrinkled, yellow and green are distributed to the gametes quite independently of each other. Thus four types of gametes are formed. The gene for round seed is combined with gene for yellow colou as well as with green colour. Similarly gene for wrinkled seed combined with gene for yellow as well as green colour. In this way gene did not stay in their original combination, but assortedproducing new combinations.