Composition of Chromosome

Composition of Chromosome
Chromosome are complex structure made up of Deoxyribonuleo protein. This protein composed of
1. DNA
2. Protein
3. RNA
1. DNA
Chromosome have 30-40% DNA. DNA is made up of billion of units called Nucleotide and the nucleotide made up of three components.

• Phosphate group
• Deoxyribsoe sugar
• Nitrogenous base

There are two groups of nitrogenous bases.
i. Purines
ii. Pyrimidines
i. Purines
Nitrogenous base that have double ringed structure called Purines.
Example

• Adenine (A)
• Guanine (G)

ii. Pyrimidines
Nitrogenous structure that have single ringed structure called Pyrimidines.
Example

• Cytosine (C)
• Thymine (T)

2. Protein
Chromosome have 50-65% protein. The most abundant chromosomal protein is called Histones. It is a basic protein.
3. RNA
Chromosome have very less amount of RNA about 1-10%