Osmoregulation

Osmoregulation
Definition
The regulatory mechanism which maintain the balance between water and solute context of a cell is called osmoregulation.
Osmoregulation in Plant
Due to the availability of water there are four groups of plant.
Hydrophyte
Halophyte
Xerophyte
Mesophyte
Hydrophyte
The group of plant which is grow in fresh water are called hydrophyte.
Characteristic of Hydrophyte

• The plant do not have layer of cuticle.
• The leave have stomata in the upper surface with take part in transpiration.
• The root are either absent or poorly developed.

Example
Hydrilla, Lotus, Lily plant
Halophytes
The group of plant which is grow in marshy soil or salty soil are called halophyte.
Characteristic of Halophyte

• These plant absorb water from such a soil, which is higher salt concentration and low water potential.
• Halophyte actively absorption salt into their roots.
• In the leaves of plants salt glands are present which helps in the removal of salt and water from the body.
• Some halophytes absorb humidity by leave.

Example
Glass wort, Cord grass
Mesophyte
The group of plant which is grow in well watered soil are called mesophyte.
Characteristics of Mesophyte

• Their roots are well developed.
• Their body is covered by a layer called cuticle.
• They contain stomata for evaporation of extra water.
• Some mesophyte excrete out water in the form of drop this process is called guttation.

Xerophyte
The group of plant which is grow in dry places such as desert are called Xerophyte.
Characteristic of Xerophyte

• Some plants do not face dry consition and produce seed are called ephemeral plant. During raining season seeds germinate.
• Their root are well develop which go deep into the soil to absorb water.
• Some plant have horizontal root on the surface to absorb rain water rapidly.
• Some plant leaves are modified into spine to prevent transpiration.
• Stem and leave covered by cuticle.
• Some plant store water in cell (succulent)

Example
Cacuts, Euphorbia.